X11 Server Mac Download 10.11 Updated

X11 Server Mac Download 10.11

From OS Ten Scientific Calculating

1 Quick Clarification of what yous need to do
two Overview
3 Why Practice You Demand to Do This?
four Summary of my recommended installation
5 Additional Tips and Tricks
half-dozen Third-Party X11 Alternatives
7 Other Sites, Downloads, and Useful Links (External)

This page replaces my gratuitous-continuing X11 on Bone X folio.

Quick Description of what you lot need to exercise

Go to X11 for the quick description.

Overview

The OS 10 version x.three and 10.iv installer CDs each gives you the (not-default) choice of installing Apple's Xwindows. In 10.5, X-windows gets installed by default (a major improvement in my opinion). [10.4: Otherwise, you will need to manually install an X-windows arrangement. In that location are several options, both free and commercial.] Probably the easiest option is to install Apple tree'southward version of X11, and information technology has the added advantage of having Quartz dispatch, which means that high-demand molecular graphics display programs like coot volition bear better. Here's how to install Apple tree's Ten-windows and accept information technology function as transparently as is if it were simply part of the operating system.

Why Practise You Need to Do This?

In order to do annihilation scientifically useful, you will have to install X-windows on your Mac. Yous are probably used to Linux, SGI, etc, all of whose interfaces are 10-windows based, so there is nothing to think about. However the Mac doesn't use this by default, so we take to install it. (Why they take you install support for 10 Languages, including Japanese, by default, but can't give you the selection of installing this, is across my comprehension. Just I digress...) The Mac Aqua interface essentially "replaces" the X-windows based interface on conventional unix machines, but information technology lacks the functionality required by all of the unix programs that are x-windows based. In addition, these programs expect you to have it past default, equally well as all the libraries and stuff that comes with them. Hence y'all will take to install this even if you never compile anything but but import binaries from someone else. That is why I recommend that this exist the very showtime affair you do.

On OS X, X11.app must be launched by the user, just like whatever other application. In 10.v, the launchd arrangement does this for you lot, automatically, and on demand. On 10.iv, if you use this frequently, you should make it one of the applications that you launch upon login (see System Preferences > Accounts > Login Items tab ). When the awarding is launched, it runs an "X11 server" that then permits unix programs requiring X11-based GUIs to run. By default, X11 volition run in "rootless" mode, which means the "root" or parent (controlling) window never appears. This tin create some confusion for people used to Linux and like operating systems, only in practise it makes very trivial deviation. (You can also run information technology in rooted or full-screen mode in 10.4, but I have no idea why you would want to exercise this.)

Summary of my recommended installation

Install Apple'south 10-windows programs. To do and then, you must do BOTH of the following:

Install Apple's X11.app

10.5

It gets installed automatically past default.

Withal, a newer version with bug-fixes ought to be installed. This is in fact essential if you use my fink precompiled packages.

Go hither: http://xquartz.macosforge.org/downloads/

Install X11-2.2.0.1.pkg (or newer).

unless something more recent appears between at present and when you read this.

ten.4 and 10.3

This comes as a non-default component on the OS X installation DVD or CD, so you have to do a "custom install." If you bought a new Mac, such every bit a new Intel-iMac, put in the showtime install DVD and find the optional packages installer, open it, check the X11 box, and install from that. If y'all didn't do this and can't locate it, y'all can grab the backup copies I made for my PPC X11.app components (await to the right cavalcade of this page). The startup utility (the double-clickable Ten icon) now winds up in /Applications/Utilities (Discard whatever quondam ones in /Applications; they don't piece of work.)

Install Apple tree'south X11 SDK

On 10.four and above, this gets installed by default when you install the Xcode programmer tools. On 10.iii, it does non get installed by default, so if yous didn't think to do it, grab the download from the column on the right. On 10.2, y'all have to install everything past default. These put header files in /usr/X11R6/include that y'all will need to compile X11 programs. If fink doesn't find these, it goes nuts.

Please note

Sometimes Apple'southward X11SDK and X11 installers mess up and don't install everything. This will wreak havoc on your attempts to go fink to recognize X11.app. To avoid this hurting, download Gary Kerbaugh's pkgdiff script and run it according to the clarification linked here.

10.5: DON'T set the $Brandish variable

In 10.five, X11 is more integrated with Os X, and it sets $Display on its own. If you try to practice it, you will mess everything up. So don't do it, and have it out of your startup scripts. (The new zsh-templates at present handles this properly.)

x.4 and earlier but: Set the $Brandish variable

Practice NOT DO THIS ON 10.five

To run X11 programs from the command line within Terminal.app or iTerm.app, yous need to prepare the Display surroundings variable. (If you lot launch them from an xterm, you shouldn't have to do this, as it is set automatically.)

The simplest style (if no ane else is logged in)

Do NOT DO THIS ON 10.5

You can merely type

export DISPLAY=:0.0

if you are a bash or zsh shell user, or

setenv DISPLAY :0.0

if you are a tcsh user.

You can add the advisable line to your appropriate shell startup script. However, Apple's Fast User Switching permits multiple users to run X11.app simultaneously, in which case this trick won't piece of work if more than one person is logged in. The first person gets display 0, the second gets display 1, and if the first person so logs out, and a third user logs in, she will get display 0 again, non brandish 2. So this approach won't piece of work nether those circumstances. You need a general style to set the correct value of this variable. In what follows, I will requite yous examples of how to do this, manually, or automatically (I wrote a piffling GUI program called Xterminator (see beneath) to help y'all bargain with this painlessly.)

Add the shell script commands appropriate for your default unix beat:

DO Not DO THIS ON 10.5

You can set the Display environment variable to let you run Ten-windows applications from your non-X terminal windows by putting commands in your login file file (eg: ~/.cshrc for tcsh; or ~/.bash_profile and ~/.bashrc for bash; or ~/.zshrc for zsh. This table has links to examples for each of these shell startup files. The commands are written to handle the case of multiple simultaneous X11.app users, which occurs when Fast User Switching is enabled.

Link to Table of Vanquish Startup Files that ready $Brandish

Utilise my automatic customization program:

Exercise NOT Exercise THIS ON 10.v

Y'all might instead want to endeavor a cheesy piddling program I wrote chosen Xterminator to assist you in configuring X11.app the way you want information technology, including setting up the $DISPLAY variable for each of the shells.

Screen shot

Unlike "native" Aqua OS 10 applications, X11 applications use GUIs that are platform-independent. They tend to be rather drab, similar the CCP4i tk-based GUI in the upper-right paw corner of the screenshot below. Other more modern GUI systems, like GTK+ii, allow the user to apply "themes," including ones that improve lucifer the native aqua appearance (which is what is going on in those other windows).

Screenshot depicting several X11 applications running in "rootless" way within Bone X.
Note the utilise of the aqua-like gtk+2 theme.

Additional Tips and Tricks

To become rid of the annoying lobotomized xterm that appears when you start X11

In 10.5

In an open concluding session, issue the command

defaults write org.x.X11_launcher app_to_run /usr/X11/bin/xlsclients

defaults write org.x.X11_launcher app_to_run /usr/bin/truthful

and to put it back,

defaults write org.x.X11_launcher app_to_run /usr/X11/bin/xterm

In x.4

cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc  ~/.xinitrc

And then, edit ~/.xinitrc and comment out the line

xterm &

and then it reads

# xterm &

Of course, you lot can add whatever you want to this file besides, but make sure you employ the "&" to brand the command run in the background.

Hither is ane possible, sensible culling:

xterm -bg black -fg white -cr greyness -geometry 80X25 -sb -rightbar -ls &

That gives information technology a black background, white foreground, grey wagon render, and a scollbar on the correct. In improver, information technology ensures the xterm will run every bit a "login" trounce (-ls), which is a expert idea when running in rootless mode.

However, there is really no need to use xterm on Bone X. Y'all tin can use Terminal.app or iTerm.app. All y'all have to do is gear up the $Brandish environment variable, every bit described above.

To use stereographics display

Enter the following command:

defaults write com.apple.x11 enable_stereo -bool true

or with the most recent versions of X11 on 10.v

          defaults write org.x.X11 nable_stereo -bool truthful

You lot of course too demand to accept the advisable hardware (CRT, stereo glasses, etc).

To become traditional X11 focus-follows-mouse behavior

Enter the commands:

defaults write com.apple tree.x11 wm_ffm truthful defaults write com.apple tree.x11 wm_click_through -bool true

or, on the most recent versions of X11 for 10.five,

          defaults write org.x.X11 wm_ffm true  defaults write org.x.X11 click_through -bool truthful

To get rid of the abrasive quit alert that sabotages your logouts

Enter the following command:

defaults write com.apple tree.x11 no_quit_alert truthful

or, on the virtually recent versions of X11 on ten.5, utilise

          defaults write org.x.X11 no_quit_alert true

To get rid of the X11 dock icon

Here's how to get rid of the dock icon (it likewise removes the menu bar):

Dockless in 10.5

This doesn't work with the updated X11, which too moves X11.app (back) to /Applications/Utilities

Edit /usr/X11/X11.app/Contents/Info.plist

Put in the lines just higher up the penultimate line that reads </dict>:

<fundamental>LSUIElement</fundamental> <cord>1</cord>

Relieve the changes. Then issue the post-obit (one line) command:

/Organization/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A\ /Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Versions/A/Back up/lsregister \ -f /usr/X11/X11.app

Enjoy the illusion of a fully integrated X11 display.

Dockless in 10.4

Edit the Info.plist file in /Applications/Utilities/X11.app/Contents

Put in the lines merely higher up the penultimate line that reads </dict>:

<key>LSUIElement</primal> <cord>1</cord>

Save the changes. And so upshot the following (1 line) command:

/System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A\ /Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Versions/A/Support/lsregister \ -f /Applications/Utilities/X11.app

Enjoy the illusion of a fully integrated X11 brandish.

Some comments on X11 window size and handling inside Quartz

At to the lowest degree in Tiger'southward Quartz/X11, its not obvious how to open up windows (e.yard. an xterm) beyond the resolution of the window manager - instead, the windows seem constrained to open only to the limit of your display. cf. Gnome, where you can open it to any size yous want, e.chiliad. well beyond the display resolution (due east.g. if y'all have a really-really large number of columns in a file). Setting `--geometry due north 10 northward` will not help either. it remains to exist seen if Leopard and friends volition permit this, or if this author is merely missing something.

Also, in Gnome you can use alt-[left click] to 'grab' a window and slide information technology around, even to move the card bar "out of sight" ; however, with Quartz, it is not obvious how to do anything similar that.

(contrib. by BWL, 19apr08)

Running X11 programs that require 256 colors or 8-bit brandish

Occasionally you lot might be faced with an X11 plan that requires the old-style 8-fleck brandish. Here is a somewhat involved manner to get this to piece of work:

Running X11 programs that require 256 colors or eight-fleck display

X11 and 10.5.X

Updates to Leopard's X11

Install X11-2.2.0_rc3.pkg or after

Using Tiger's X11 on Leopard

It is possible to Install the 10.four X11 on x.5, although you may want to recall twice, as information technology may break some 3rd-party applications, especially fink.

(FWIW, W. G. Scott has non tried this, does not recommend this, and cannot guarantee things will work if you practise this. Go on at your ain risk)

You should attempt upgrading earlier you try downgrading.

Third-Party X11 Alternatives

I'k almost certain none of these work on x.5:

Apple'south X11 should do everything you need, and with its Xquartz acceleration, it is likely to exist better than the alternatives. But yous may accept reasons for installing an alternative that I am non aware of. Here is a (probably incomplete) list of other options, with links.